When a letter was pressed on the keyboard the signal would be sent through the rotors as it was in the Enigma, producing an encrypted version. His modification consisted of a paper tape reader from a teletype machine attached to a small device with metal "feelers" positioned to pass electricity through the holes. William Friedman, director of the US Army's Signals Intelligence Service, devised a system to correct for this attack by truly randomizing the motion of the rotors. This, however, proved not to be secure enough, and German Enigma messages were frequently broken by cryptanalysis during World War II. In the case of the famous Enigma machine, these attacks were supposed to be upset by moving the rotors to random locations at the start of each new message. the Hebern machine) could be exploited by attackers. It was clear to US cryptographers well before World War II that the single-stepping mechanical motion of rotor machines (e.g.
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